Descripción del problema de dengue con enfoque de la determinación social de la salud en una comunidad: estudio de campo
Description of the dengue problem with a focus on the social determinants of health in a community: field study
Mem. Inst. Invest. Cienc. Salud (Impr.); 17 (2), 2019
Año de publicación: 2019
Este trabajo quiere contribuir con otra perspectiva a la solución del problema del Dengue en México. El objetivo fue determinar tipos de criadero de Aedes aegypti, condiciones de la vivienda e identificar dimensiones que determinen la enfermedad con enfoque integral social en la colonia centro de Mazatepec, Morelos. El estudio es de corte transversal descriptivo, se llevó a cabo en temporada de sequía (2015), se realizó colecta entomológica para identificar criaderos del vector, aplicación de Índice de Condición de Vivienda (ICV) y cuestionario con perspectiva de la Determinación Social de la Salud a 80 casas. Se detectaron 3,221 recipientes sin agua y 655 con agua, 25.34% tratables (tanques, tinacos), 9.46% controlables (botes y cubetas) y 4.7% diversos chicos, el ICV identificó 14 casas positivas (57.69%-tratables), 47.5% de medio riesgo para crecimiento del vector, el 83.3% atribuyó el problema a condiciones de vida y posesión de recursos, 40.83% responsabilizó a la comunidad, falta de interés y mala organización. Las estrategias y políticas en salud deben de tomar en cuenta la perspectiva social y análisis de las comunidades, mejorar las condiciones de vivienda, trabajo y organización comunitaria para preservar la salud(AU)
This work aims to contribute to the solution to the dengue problem in Mexico with a different approach. The objectives of the research were to determine the types of hatcheries for Aedes aegypti and housing conditions, as well as to identify the dimensions that determine the disease with an integral social approach in the Colonia Centro of Mazatepec, Morelos, Mexico. This is a descriptive cross-sectional studycarried out during the dry season in 2015, an entomological collection was made to identify the vector hatcheries, the Housing Condition Index (HCI) and a questionnaire were applied to establish the Social Determinants of Health for 80 houses. A total of 3,221 containers without water and 655 with water were detected, out of these 25.34% were tagged as manageable (water tanks), 9.46% as controllable (buckets and cans) and 4.7% as various small items. The HCI identified 14 positive houses (57.69% as manageable), 47.5% as medium risk for the development of the vector. Eighty three point three percent of the questionnaire participants attributed the problem to life conditions and resources property, 40.83% to the community, the lack of interest and disorganization as responsible. Health strategies and policies must take into account the social approach and analysis of the communities, improving housing, work and community organization conditions to preserve health(AU)
